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考研英语同近义词辨析

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2019年10月16日 15:17:09

下面小编跟大家一起了解考研英语同近义词辨析,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

  下面小编跟大家一起了解考研英语同近义词辨析,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
  1
  about, on
  (1) 当所给的信息比较一般,或者文体风格较为随便时,往往使用about。
  He wrote a book about Africa last year. 他去年写了一本关于非洲的书。
  (2) 使用on时,则表明一本书、一篇文章、一篇演讲等,比较严肃或者学术性较强,适用于学术专著。
  We've compiled a new textbook on African history recently.
  我们编了一本关于非洲历史的教科书。
  This is a book for children about Africa and its people.
  这是一本写给孩子的关于非洲和非洲各国人民的书。
  Are you going to attend Prof. Smith's lecture on economics this evening?
  今天晚上你打算去听史密斯教授关于经济学的讲座吗?
  There was a heated argument among them about whether to end the strike soon. 他们就是否马上结束的问题展开了一场激烈的争论。
  2
  about to do, not about to do
  (1) about to do 意为“不久就要……” (going to do very soon) 或“正要……”(just going to do)。
  Don't go out now — we are about to have lunch.
  不要出去了——我们就要吃午饭了。
  I was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.
  我正要去睡觉,这时有人敲门。
  (2) 在美式英语中,“not about to do”表示“不愿”(unwilling to do)或“不打算”(not going to do) 之意。
  I'm not about to pay 50 dollars for a dress like that.
  我可不愿为那样一套衣服付50美元。
  A: Will you go with them? 你要跟他们一起去吗?
  B: I'm not about to. 我不打算去。
  3
  above, over
  (1) 两个词均可用作“高过……;比……高”解释。
  The water came up above/over our knees. 水没过了我们的双膝。
  Can you see the helicopter above/over the palace?
  你能看见宫殿上空的那架直升机吗?

  (2) 当作“覆盖”(covering)和“越过”解释时,通常用over。
  The plane was flying over Denmark. 飞机当时正飞越丹麦。
  There's thick cloud over that mountain. 浓云笼罩在那座山的上空。
  (3) 在与数字、数量或量词短语一起用时,较常用over(=more than)。
  There were over 100,000 people at the peace rally.
  参加这次和平的有100000人以上。
  You have to be over 18 to see this film.
  要看这部电影,你得过了18岁才行。
  (4) 但是,当所表示的量度是在垂直刻度尺上表示时,则使用above。
  The temperature is three degrees above zero. 温度是零上3度。
  She is well above average (=the middle of the scale) in intelligence.
  她的智力大大超出一般水平。
  (5) 陆地高度是用above sea-level来表示的。
  The summit of Everest is over 8,000 meters above sea-level. (more than 8,000 meters higher than sea-level)珠穆朗玛峰的海拔高度超过了8000米。
  注意:在书上或报纸上,see over 意为“见下页”(look on the next page);see above 意为“见前面”。
  4
  absolute, complete, thorough
  这些词都有“完全的”意思。
  (1) absolute指“完完全全,一点不差,**的,不掺杂其他成分”。
  A child usually has absolute trust in its mother.
  小孩通常完全信任其母亲。
  When giving evidence in a law court, we must tell the absolute truth.
  在法庭作证时,我们必须完全照实说。
  (2) complete强调事物各部分完整无缺。
  This is a complete set of Shakespeare's plays.这是一整套的戏剧集。
  This guest house has a long history, complete facilities, fine technique and all-round service. It enjoys the trust of numerous guests.
  本宾馆历史悠久、设备齐全、技术精良、服务周到,令广大宾客信赖。
  (3) thorough指“完全彻底,没有遗漏或错失任何东西”。
  They made a thorough investigation into the problem.
  他们对这个问题做了彻底的调查。
  If you can leave the car here for a few days, we'll give it a thorough overhaul.
  你要是能把这辆小轿车留在这儿几天,我们可以给它彻底检修一下。
  5
  accompany by, accompany with
  (1) accompany用于被动语态时,后接by表示“由……陪同、伴随;以/由……伴奏”,可以跟人、动物,也可跟事物。
  He went to Japan on a lecture tour accompanied by his wife.
  他在妻子的陪同下去日本做巡回演说。
  The singer was accompanied at the piano by John Smith.
  这位歌手由约翰·史密斯做钢琴伴奏。
  The storm was accompanied by lightning and thunder.
  这场暴风雨伴随着电闪雷鸣。
  (2) 后接with时,意为“兼有,伴有,伴随着”,一般接事物。
  He was running a high fever accompanied with intense headache.
  他发着高烧,并伴随着剧烈的头疼。
  They suffered a complete defeat accompanied with disgrace.
  他们遭到了彻底的不光彩的失败。
  

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