CATTI二三笔真题整理分享

　　2019年11月CATTI二、三笔真题整理 翻译硕士考研，下面是根据考生回忆，整理出的部分考试内容，非版本。大家快来看看自己考得怎么样呀？没考的小可爱，也可以趁热感受一下二、三笔的难度~
　　二笔真题
　　来源：
　　“一带一路”倡议：实现金融互联互通的两个关键渠道 开幕致辞
　　So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow.
　　哪里形成了金融联系，当地的生活质量就会很快改善。
　　In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion.
　　在现代背景下，更深层次的金融互联互通可以通过几个重要渠道来实现。我今天想强调两个渠道：加强资本流动和改善金融包容性。
　　1.Increased Capital Mobility
　　1.加强资本流动
　　First, enabling capital to flow more freely.
　　一确保资本更自由地流动。
　　Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. How? By enhancing investments in infrastructure, manufacturing, and even health care.
　　允许资本跨境流动能帮助支持包容性增长。如何支持？通过促进基础设施、制造业甚至医疗行业的投资。
　　Right now,foreign direct investment—FDI—is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries.Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely.
　　目前，发展家的外国直接投资（FDI）仅占GDP的1.9%；而在全球金融危机之前，这个数字是2.5%。为推进主要基础设施建设进展，需要再次增加资本流动规模，并以安全的方式对其进行管理。
　　Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs.
　　对资本流动更加开放也能降低融资成本，提高金融部门效率，允许资本支持生产性投资和新增就业。
　　Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These includesound financial regulation,transparent rules for investment,andattention to fiscal sustainability.
　　幸运的是，我们从经验中获悉了成功所需的要素，包括完善的金融、透明的投资规则以及关注财政可持续性。
　　2.Increased Financial Inclusion
　　2.改善金融包容性
　　We also needincreased financial inclusion—my second channel for a more effective BRI.
　　我们还需要改善金融包容性，这是我认为提升“一带一路”倡议有效性的第二个渠道。
　　A few numbers: close to half of the adult popu-lation in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution.
　　这里列举几个数字：亚太地区中低收入经济体近一半的成年人口没有银行账户。曾向金融机构借款的人口比重不到10%。
　　And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21stcentury. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy —the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent.
　　然而我们知道，各国若要在21世纪繁荣发展，弥合金融缺口是一项“必须完成的经济任务”。国际货币基金组织的分析表明，如果亚洲金融包容性弱的国家将金融缺口缩窄至泰国（一个新兴市场经济体）的水平，这些国家的贫困率能降低近4%。
　　How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011。
　　如何实现这一目标？一方面，制定能使更多妇女和农村居民获得金融服务的政策。在发展家，妇女面临的金融性别缺口约为9%，且自2011年来基本保持不变。
　　There is no silver bullet, but we know thatfintech can play a catalyzing role.
　　这个问题没有根治的良方，但我们知道金融科技能发挥催化作用。
　　In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own.
　　例如，柬埔寨通过强有力的公私合作关系支持移动金融发展，自2011年来监控金融机构的数量增加了两倍。目前，这些机构已向200多万个新借款者提供贷款，占成年人口的比重接近20%，这些公民很多从未开立银行账户。现在，他们可以通过储蓄规划未来，甚至也许可以自行创业。
　　These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other.
　　这些理念适用于所有国家，但这些国家必须有意愿开展合作并相互学习。
　　That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda.The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion.
　　这就是国际货币基金组织和世界银行去年 10月启动“巴厘岛金融科技议程”的主要原因之一。该议程阐述的核心原则——从发展金融市场到维护金融诚信——能帮助所有国家，因为其旨在改善金融包容性。
　　三笔真题
　　英译汉
　　来源：（考试部分有所改动）
　　https://en.unesco.org/themes/protecting-our-heritage-and-fostering-creativity
　　Protecting Our Heritage and Fostering Creativity
　　In today's interconnected world, culture‘s power to transform societiesis clear. Its diverse manifestations—from our cherished historic monumentsand museums to traditional practices and contemporary art forms enrich—our everyday lives in countless ways. Heritage constitutes a source of identityand cohesion for communities disrupted by bewildering change and economic instability.Creativity contributes to building open, inclusive andpluralistic societies. Both heritage and creativity lay the foundations forvibrant, innovative and prosperous knowledge societies.
　　Culture is who we are and what shapes our identity. In September 2015 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the sustainable goals. UNESCO ensures that the role of culture is recognized through a majority of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including those focusing on quality education, sustainable cities, the environment, economic growth, sustainable consumption and production patterns, peaceful and inclusive societies, gender equality and food security.
　　No development can be sustainable without a strong culture component. Indeed only a human-centered approach to development based on mutual respect and open dialogue among cultures can lead to lasting, inclusive and equitable results. Yet until recently, culture has been missing from the development strategy.
　　To ensure that culture takes its rightful place in development strategies andprocesses, UNESCO has adopted anapproach: it spearheadsworldwide advocacy for culture and development, while engaging with theinternational community to set clear policies and legal frameworks and working on the ground to support governments and local stakeholders to safeguard heritage, strengthen creative industries and encourage cultural pluralism.
　　Today, creativity is emerging as one of the most promising ways for changing how we see cities. Whether by revitalizing the local economy, rethinking transport or housing policies, reclaiming urban spaces, or opening up new horizons for young people, creativity is one of the driving forces behind urban policies and initiatives. Cities worldwide are focusing their attention on the cultural and creative industries as an inspiration for their future. This vision is promoted by elected representatives and city policy-makers, who see it as a strategic lever for innovation when it comes to tackling contemporary urban issues, whether on an economic, social or environmental front. More importantly, however, it is a vision shared by professionals and citizens, who are taking action in their own neighborhoods and communities to build more sustainable and more human cities.
　　This vision of creative urban governance is the driving force behind the UNESCO Creative Cities Programme and Network（联合国教科文组织创意城市网络）. Since its creation in 2004, the Network has established itself as a strategic platform for promoting and sharing this new approach to sustainable cities. Through its standard-setting and operational actions, UNESCO has paved the way for demonstrating the essential role of creativity in urban sustainability, assisting national and local authorities and advocating this vision at an international level.
　　Culture and creativity play a key role in sustainable urban development. They contribute to diversifying the economy and generating jobs but they also enhance the quality of life of citizens by participating to a city’s social structure and cultural diversity.

　　汉译英
　　选自杭州概况
　　作为浙江省省会城市，杭州是著名历史文化名城。距今约5300多年的良渚文化遗址（位于杭州余杭区）是中华文明发祥地之一。
　　杭州以美丽的山水著称于世。古代谚语“上有天堂，下有苏杭”表达出古往今来人们对于这座美丽城市的由衷喜爱。位于杭州西南的西湖，以其秀丽的湖光山色和众多名胜古迹而成为闻名中外的旅游胜城，2011年被正式列入《世界遗产名录》。此外，气势浩荡的钱江大潮，每年吸引无数游客。
　　杭州拥有丰富的历史文化遗迹。南起杭州，北到北京的京杭大运河始建于1631年（原文为1631年），全长约1797公里，是世界上长、古老的人工水道。2014年6月22日，京杭大运河正式入选《世界遗产名录》。
　　在世界上，杭州也颇具有知名度。13世纪，意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗（Marco Polo）在游记中赞叹杭州为“世界上美丽之城”。2011年，杭州曾被美国《》评为全球41个旅游城市之一，被联合国评为“国际花园城市”。
　　杭州还曾在中美建交过程中扮演重要角色，2015年1月，提出发展“旅游外交”。杭州作为著名旅游城市，又率先实践“旅游外交”。