考研英语阅读资料分享

　　考研英语关于国民幸福总值：字里行间寻幸福阅读分享，考研英语备考时，要戒掉焦躁，这样才能稳住心气，保持好的心态，对复习才更有帮助，考研人，加油。
　　Placed alongside the timeline of history, the valence indices for the places under study show how changes in national happiness reflect important events. In Britain, for example, happiness fell sharply during the two world wars. It began to rise again after 1945, peaked in 1950, and then fell gradually, including through the so-called Swinging Sixties, until it reached a nadir around 1980.
　　沿历史时间轴铺开后，所研究国家的国民幸福价指数显示了其国民幸福感的变化与重大事件之间的关联。以英国为例，两次世界大战期间该国居民幸福感急剧下降。1945年之后又再次上升，到1950年触顶，之后一直逐渐下降——包括在所谓的“摇摆的六十年代”，直到在1980年前后达到谷底。
　　America’s national happiness, too, fell during the world wars. It also fell in the 1860s, during and after the country’s civil war. The lowest point of all came in 1975, at the end of a long decline during the Vietnam war, with the fall of Saigon and America’s humiliating defeat.
　　美国国民的幸福感也在两次世界大战期间下降了。19世纪60年代内战期间及之后的几年里其国民幸福感同样出现了下降。越战期间幸福感长期下滑。1975年，美国在西贡被攻陷后狼狈撤退，同年国民幸福感也跌至该国史上低水平。
　　In Germany and Italy the first world war also caused dips in happiness. By contrast, during the second world war these countries both got happier as the war continued. Initially, that might be put down to their early successes, but this can hardly explain German happiness when the Red Army was at the gates of Berlin. The researchers hypothesise that what is being measured here is the result of propaganda and censorship, rather than honest opinion. But they cannot prove this. Earlier in Italian history, though, there was a clear and explicable crash in happiness in 1848, with the failure of revolutions intended to unite into a single nation what were then half a dozen disparate states. Surprisingly, however, successful unification in the 1860s also saw a fall in happiness.

　　德国和意大利也因一次世界大战而幸福感下降。而在二战期间，随着战事的推进，两国的国民幸福感都提升了。一开始，这或许可被归因为两国早期的成功，但苏联红军即将攻入柏林之际德国人的幸福感还那么高就很难解释了。研究人员推测，这里所衡量到的数据是政治宣传和制度的结果，而不是真实的想法。但他们无法证实这一点。不过，往前追溯意大利历史会发现，在1848年发生了一次显而易见且易于解释的幸福感暴跌：当时旨在统一意大利六个邦国的以失败告终。然而令人惊讶的是，19世纪60年代成功统一后，幸福感也下降了。