考研英语常考主题词盘点

　　考研倒计时，对于2020年考研的同学来说，英语复习的重点就是作文，因为作文提分比阅读更容易。对于基础差的同学来说，提升作文的一个办法就是背模板，背作文模板的时候也不要忘记自己总结出自己的模板这样才能拿高分。在背模板的同时我们也要熟悉一下作文常考主题词，如果因为对主题词不熟悉导致审题偏方向，那简直是大型翻车现场，现在我们一起去熟悉一下作文常考主题词。
　　作文常考主题词盘点 ，一共分为五类，这些主题词不需要我们背诵，能认识熟悉就好。
　　1. 人生哲理类
　　2. 社会热点类
　　3. 文化教育类
　　4. 人与自然
　　5. 热点主题词
　　温馨提示：
　　英语一：注重人生哲理、文化品质等抽象类主题词，比如合作、积极、尊老爱幼等
　　英语二：注重经济或商业现象等具体类主题词，比如汽车尾气、网购、毕业薪酬等
　　一、人生哲理
　　1、合作
　　cooperation/collaboration/teamwork 团队协作
　　cooperate with others/be in cooperation with others/be in collaboration with others/work together
　　与他人合作
　　team spirit/group spirit/community spirit 团队精神
　　active/effective/mutual/close cooperation 有效合作
　　sense of teamwork 团队意识
　　ask for/call for/demand/seek cooperation 寻求合作
　　take an active part in cooperation/cooperate actively 积极合作
　　end cooperation 中止合作
　　make concerted/joint efforts/pool one’s efforts together 齐心协力
　　solidarity and friendship 团结友爱
　　essentially/mutually complementary 互补
　　win-win/all win/win for all 共赢
　　2、乐观、悲观
　　optimism/optimistic/optimist/optimistic mind/optimistic attitude 乐观
　　pessimism/pessimistic/pessimist 悲观
　　show/display/demonstrate optimism 展现乐观
　　adopt/possess a(n) optimistic (positive) attitude (view, outlook) towards life (the problems
　　confronting us) 对生活采取积极态度
　　blind optimism 盲目乐观
　　excessively/overly/wildly optimistic 过于乐观
　　3、信心
　　boost/enhance/improve/increase/lift/raise confidence 增加信心
　　gain/acquire confidence 获得自信
　　rebuild/restore/regain/revive confidence 重获信心
　　damage/weaken/undermine confidence 减少信心
　　the lack of confidence/lack confidence 缺乏自信
　　exaggerate/overestimate/overrate difficulties 夸大困难
　　underestimate one’s abilities 低估某人的能力
　　4、进取精神/坚持：
　　an enterprising spirit 进取精神
　　non-stop efforts 不停的努力
　　open up new ways forward 开拓前进
　　make progress constantly 不断进步
　　move forward constantly 不断前进
　　make constant efforts 持续努力
　　never stop making progress 不停进步
　　never give up 永不言弃
　　keep making progress 保持进步
　　keep on striving 保持奋斗
　　5、尚未考到的：
　　diligence/hard work 勤奋工作 Great works are performed not by strength but by perseverance.
　　the spirit of self-improvement 自强不息
　　pursuit of one’s dream/ambition/aspiration/a great aim (goal)追寻梦想
　　innovation/creative thinking/the spirit of exploration 创新思维
　　a down-to-earth working style 踏实、实干
　　friendship/love/mutual affection among different people/individuals 人们的友谊
　　showing consideration for people around 善待身边的人
　　indifference to other people 对别人漠不关心
　　self-depreciation 自卑
　　modesty 谦虚/avoid conceit and impetuosity 戒骄戒躁
　　the mutual understanding between people (parents and their children)人们之间相互理解
　　keep pace with the times/advance with times 与时俱进
　　rise to the occasion 迎难而上
　　二、社会热点
　　1、社会公德
　　public morality 社会公德
　　awaken/wake up moral consciousness 道德意识
　　advocate traditional virtue/traditional moral values 弘扬传统美德 (distinguished/fine traditions)
　　duty/responsibility/obligation 责任
　　sense of responsibility 责任感
　　shoulder/assume/undertake one’s duty/responsibility 承担责任
　　fulfill/discharge/perform one’s duty/responsibility 履行责任
　　avoid/evade/shirk/shun one’s duty/responsibility 逃避责任
　　devote/dedicate, devotion/dedication 奉献
　　selfish devotion 无私奉献
　　the crisis of trust 信任危机
　　decline in moral standards 道德标准下降
　　the corruption of public morality 公德堕落
　　the lack of moral sense 道德缺失
　　put more attention on self-interest 更多关注个人利益
　　talk less about the spirit of sacrifice, contribution, mutual aid 对互助奉献精神谈论过少
　　selfish soul 自私的灵魂
　　immoral behaviors/conduct 不道德的行为
　　spit everywhere 随地吐痰
　　make noise, talk loudly 大声喧哗
　　to respect the old and care for the young 尊老爱幼
　　Project Hope 希望工程
　　China Red Cross Foundation 红十字会
　　charities 慈善机构
　　donate/donation 捐赠
　　poor rural areas/poverty-stricken areas/impoverished areas 贫穷地区
　　start schooling 入学
　　drop out of school 辍学
　　attend school>go to school 上学
　　finish school/finish one’s studies 完成学业
　　2、职业道德
　　lack of occupational self-discipline 缺少职业自律
　　empty promise in the market promotion 空洞的承诺
　　false promise in the market promotion 虚假承诺
　　honesty 诚信
　　sales of counterfeit/fake goods/commodities to consumers 造假售假 (反义 genuine commodity
　　保真商品)
　　dishonest/fraudulent behaviors 欺诈行为 (put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the
　　public. 披上文明的外衣欺骗公众)
　　misleading/distorted information 误导性信息
　　reliable/dependable/trustworthy information 可靠信息
　　academic corruption 学术
　　plagiarism 剽窃
　　food safety 食品安全
　　construction quality 工程质量
　　drainage oil 地沟油
　　poisonous milk powder 毒奶粉
　　unaffordable prices of medicines 药价虚高
　　illegal adds 非法广告
　　unfair competitions 不公平竞争
　　administration departments 管理部门
　　supervision departments 部门
　　authorities/departments concerned 有关当局、部门
　　merchant 商人、商家
　　manufacturer 厂家
　　enterprise operator 企业经营者
　　disregard laws 漠视法律
　　shift the blame onto sb 推卸责任
　　disregard of laws and lack of any sense of social responsibility 忽视法律，缺乏社会责任感
　　infringement on consumers’ rights and interests 侵犯消费者权力和利益
　　overwhelming desire for profits 强烈的对利益的渴望
　　profits weigh much more than public benefits/public good 利润高于公众利益
　　be in the vulnerable position（一般指消费者处于弱势的地位）
　　perform/fulfill one’s duty fairly and effectively 公正有效地履行职责
　　3、两代关系
　　1) 赡养父母
　　the old/the elderly/elderly people/the senior/senior citizens/the aged/aged people 长辈
　　aging society 老龄化社会
　　aging of population 人口老龄化
　　filial piety 孝道

　　fulfill filial duty/show filial piety to parents/practice filial piety 尽孝
　　support (take care of, sustain) aged parents (the old and infirm parents/the old/the aged/the
　　elderly/the senior/senior citizens) 赡养老年人
　　show solicitude for parents 关心父母
　　mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents 虐待父母
　　neglect sb/show no care (concern) for sb/lack concern for sb/treat sb thoughtlessly 不关心某人
　　take (shoulder, assume) the responsibility for sth 对…承担责任
　　shirk (avoid, shift, abdicate) the responsibility for sth 对…逃避责任
　　duty/obligation of the young 年轻人的义务
　　traditional virtue of our nation 我们国家的传统美德
　　the wellbeing of the seniors/the heath and happiness of seniors长辈的幸福安乐
　　make painstaking efforts/expend all one’s energies 费劲心血
　　one’s later years/one’s remaining years 晚年
　　Charity begins at home. 百善孝为先
　　2) 溺爱孩子
　　raise/breed/foster/nurture/bring up 抚养
　　spoil children/dote on children 溺爱孩子
　　doting care/parental overprotection 溺爱
　　A child under the complete protection of parents/parental overprotection/be over loved (over
　　protected) by parents/excessive love from their parents/over-dependence on parents/be carefully
　　protected from hardship 父母的过度保护
　　fragile young people 脆弱的年轻人
　　children born in the 1980s, majority of them being the only child in their family (family-planning
　　policy) 80 年代出生的孩子，绝大多数都是独生子女（计划生育）
　　encourage him or her to think and act independently 鼓励某人独立思考
　　help children towards independence/self-reliance 帮助孩子独立
　　suffer hardships/stand sufferings/bear tribulation 经历困难
　　create optimum conditions for children’s growth 为孩子成长创造条件
　　the pillar of the state 国之栋梁
　　3) 代沟：
　　generation gap 代沟
　　widen/expand generation gap (widen/expand the gap between the child and parents) 扩大代沟
　　narrow/bridge generation gap (narrow/bridge the gap between the child and parents) 缩小代沟
　　exchange ideas 交流看法
　　mutual understating/make allowance for each other 相互理解、相互体谅
　　misunderstanding 误解
　　reinforce family bonds/ties 增强家庭纽带
　　get estranged from one’s family members 和家庭成员疏远
　　4) 啃老族
　　boomerang kids/children (the NEET group) 啃老族 NEET 的全称是（Not currently engaged in
　　Employment, Education or Training）
　　reap without sowing 不劳而获
　　4、诚信危机
　　the crisis of trust 诚信危机
　　A host of dishonest behaviors 许多不诚信的行为
　　manufacture or sell fake and inferior goods at the cost of consumer’s interest 以消费者利益为代
　　价造假
　　bogus/fake/pirate products 假货
　　bogus/fake certificates 假证
　　peddle the sensational stories 散播耸人听闻的故事
　　twist/distort the news 扭曲新闻
　　return to sincerity and faith 返璞归真
　　keep promise 信守承诺
　　tell right from wrong 辨别是非
　　5、爱心
　　warm-hearted people 热心人
　　offer assistance/provide help 提供帮助
　　stretch out a helping hand to people in need 为需要帮助的人伸出援助之手
　　help-givers 提供帮助的人
　　receive aid 接受帮助
　　assistance recipients 受助者
　　6、健康
　　physical health (fitness, well-being) 身体健康
　　mental/psychological health (fitness, well-being) 心理健康
　　improve/enhance physical/psychological health 提高身体健康状况
　　hurt/damage physical/psychological health 损害身体/ 心理健康
　　be in good/poor health 身体健康/ 不健康
　　state of health 健康状况
　　fitness levels 健康水平
　　a health problem 健康问题
　　sub-health 亚健康
　　state of mind 心态
　　physical exercise 体育锻炼
　　well-balanced diet 均衡饮食
　　junk food 垃圾食品
　　go on a diet 节食、减肥
　　sacrifice health 牺牲健康
　　damage/endanger one’s health 损害健康
　　improve one’s health 改善健康
　　infectious disease/illness 传染病
　　chronic disease/illness 慢性病
　　provide medical services 提供医疗服务
　　public health 公共卫生