新概念英语学习经验分享

　　今天小编给大家带来了新概念英语的知识点分享，希望对大家的英语学习有所帮助，祝愿大家生活愉快，天天开心。在一条路走得久了，别丢下了自己的电影和梦想，别忘却了曾经的那份执着。只要还有得发挥，就不要放弃。因为事情不会真的结束，除非你放弃了努力。
　　Matterhorn man
　　马特霍恩山区人
　　First listen and then answer the following question.
　　What was the main objective of early mountain climbers?
　　 Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it and never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal -- the top!
　　 It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could -- sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed.
　　 WALTER UNSWORTH Matterhorn Man
　　New words and expressions
　　 Matterhorn
　　n. 马特霍恩峰（阿尔卑斯山之一，在意大利和瑞士边境）
　　 alpinist
　　n. 登山运动员
　　 pioneer
　　v. 开辟，倡导；
　　n. 先锋，开辟者
　　 summit
　　n. 顶峰
　　 attain
　　v. 到达
　　 perilous
　　adj. 危险的
　　 shudder
　　v. 不寒而栗
　　 court
　　v. 追求
　　 solitary
　　 impoverish
　　v. 使贫困
　　 Alpine
　　adj. 阿尔卑斯山的
　　 flea-ridden
　　adj. 布满跳蚤的
　　 coarse
　　adj. 粗劣的
　　 boast
　　v. 自恃有
　　 parishioner
　　n. 教区居民
　　 shepherd
　　n. 牧羊人
　　 linen
　　n. 亚麻布床单
　　 the Alps
　　n. 阿尔卑斯山脉
　　参考译文
　　 现代登山运动员总想找一条能够给他们带来运动乐趣的路线来攀登山峰。他们认为， 道路愈艰险愈带劲儿。然而，在登山运动的初期，全然不是这种情况。早期登山者所寻找的是通往山顶的方便的途径，因为顶峰特别是前人未曾到过的顶峰 -- 才是他们寻求的目标。确实，在探险中他们经常遇到惊心动魄的困难和危险，而他们装备之简陋足以使现代登山者一想起来就胆战心惊。但是，他们并非故意寻求这种刺激，他们只有一个目标，**的目标 -- 顶峰！ 我们今天很难想像昔日的登山先驱们是多么艰苦。除了泽曼特和夏蒙尼等一两个很快出了名的地方外，阿尔卑斯山山区的小村几乎全是高山环抱、与世隔绝的穷乡僻壤。那里的小客栈一般都很肮脏，而且跳蚤猖獗。食物是当地的干酪和通常存放了一年之久的面包，人们就着劣酒吞下这种食物。山谷里常常没有小客栈，登山者只好随遇而安。有时同当地牧师 （他通常和他的教民一样穷）住在一起，有时同牧羊人或制乳酪的人住在一起。无论住在哪儿，情况都一样：肮脏、贫穷，极其不舒适。对于过惯了一顿饭吃7道菜、睡亚麻细布床单的人来说，变换一下生活环境来到阿尔卑斯山山区，那一定是很艰难的。Grammar in use
　　1、关系副词与关系从句
　　（1）在表示时间、地点和原因的关系从句中，可以用when、where和why取代关系代词。它们可被用来代替像the time、the place和the reason这样的词。
　　在使用中，when只能用于表示时间的名词之后，where只能用于表示地点的名词之后，而why一般只跟在名词reason之后。
　　例：This is the place where I grew up.
　　（2）可用于非限定性关系从句中。在由when、where和why引导的限定性关系从句中，可以使用关系代词that替代。
　　例：My success in business,the reason why he dislikes me,has been due to hard work.
　　2、关系从句的一些重要用法
　　（1）当被修饰词为all、anything、everything、a few、the onlyone等，并用来指物时，其后的关系代词通常使用that，而不是which.但如果这些词是用来指人时，其后仍需要使用who.
　　例：All that remains for me to do is to say goodbye.
　　（2）当被修饰词为形容词高级形式时，其后的关系代词通常使用that。
　　例：It`s the silliest argument that I`ve ever heard.
　　（3）在非限定性关系从句中，可以使用表示数量的名词或代词 of whom/which 结构表示数量。
　　例：Both player,neither of whom reached the final,played well。
　　（4）关系代词which可以用来指上述的一个句子，而不仅是一个词。这种用法常见于非限定性关系从句中，此时它通常可以用 and this/that 来代替。
　　例：She married Joe,which(=and this/that) surprised everyone.
　　习题

　　1、The pioneers had a hard time because ______
　　A. Zermattand Chamonixhadrapidly become popular
　　B.Alpinevillages were primitive
　　C.the mountainswereextremely high
　　D. therewasn`tanything to eat
　　key:B
　　解析：primitive，原始的，简单的，粗糙的
　　2、Earlier climbers liked summits ______ had never been climbed before.
　　A.which
　　B.which they
　　C. that they
　　D. unless they
　　key: A
　　解析：见本文上一节《关系从句的一些重要用法》
　　3、In thepioneeringdays this was not the______ at all.
　　A. condition
　　B.situation
　　C. history
　　D.event
　　key: B
　　解析：situation 情况；形势；处境；位置
　　4、-allwshed down with _____ wine.
　　A. course
　　B. sour
　　C. rough
　　D. new
　　key: C
　　解析：rough 粗糙的；粗略的；粗野的；艰苦的；