托福听力常考题型分析

　　今天小编为各位考生带来托福听力常考题型，仅供参考。希望能够对各位考生有所帮助，祝各位同学取得令人满意的成绩。和小编一起来看看吧！
　　 Why does professor mention something(通常为例子）？
　　目的题核心考点为段落结构，即只要找出例子支持的论点即可。通常情况论点在上层信息，但偶尔也有论点在例子之后出现的情况，如我们今天要听的这篇文章。
　　题目：Why does the professor show the class the painting Ball at the Moulin de la Galette ?
　　A To support the argument that society was prepared for the introduction of photography
　　B To support the idea that artists often reject new technology
　　C To emphasize why many artists were looking for a new artistic medium
　　D To explain how inventors from different countries shared the knowledge that led to the first use of photography
　　正确答案：A
　　笔记展示：
　　 photography
　　 chemical exist bf
　　 ! dift invtr sim discv
　　but trend delay phot
　　BF: grand scene
　　19th: natural
　　eg: BMG→ 举例
　　SO photography ∵ society ready→论点（核心词对应A选项）
　　题目解析：
　　该题按照对应解法，直接对应到笔记举例的地方，之后向下定位通过信号词so找到论点，对应A选项；
　　如果这道题我们定位是失败的，没有找到例子和论点，同样可以根据文章主旨秒选。
　　这篇文章的主旨是：sociology(社会学，讲座一、句会交代文章话题），根据正确选项一定符合文章主旨原则，只有A选项同社会学相关。BC选项为艺术话题；D选项讨论摄影话题。
　　总结：分析选项的时候不妨从选项本身跳出来，从文章主旨的视角来确定正确选项。

　　原文：
　　And let's look at the invention of photography.
　　Many of the chemical and mechanical elements involved in photography existed before the first photographs were taken in the 19th century. In fact different inventors in different parts of Europe had made similar discoveries that contributed to the invention of photography.
　　But some art historians have claimed that painting trends in the West before the 19th century actually delayed the beginnings of photography.
　　You see before the advent of photography painters usually painted grand scenes, like battles, or scenes from mythology.
　　But in the 19th century you begin to have this movement not exactly towards realism because paintings have been realistic for some time. It was more a movement towards painting realistic scenes that were natural, not rigidly composed.
　　Artists now wanted to capture spontaneous moments from everyday life. Take a look at this painting.
　　It's by a 19th century French impressionist. In English it's called Ball at the Moulin de la Galefte. Notice how spontaneous this scene is.
　　It's a picture of a moment in these people's lives, not like a photograph you might see in a family photo album.
　　So opponents of technological determinism would say that photography, at least photography as an art form, came about in part because society was ready to embrace as art the everyday subjects that the camera can capture.