考研英语真题词汇

　　今天小编为大家分享的是考研英语真题词汇，希望通过这篇文章的学习对你们有所帮助，下面跟随小编一起学习吧。
　　King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’tabdicate, they die in their sleep.” Butembarrassingscandalsand the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections haveforcedhimtoeathis wordsandstand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest thatmonarchyisseeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all Europeanroyals, with theirmagnificentuniforms andmajesticlifestyles?
　　单词&词组搭配
　　abdicate v.退位
　　embarrassing（出现3次）adj.令人尴尬的
　　scandal n.丑闻
　　monarchy n.君主制
　　royal（出现8次）adj.皇室的；n.王室成员；[僻义]adj.庄严的；
　　majestic（出现1次）adj.雄伟的，庄严的
　　force sb. to（强迫某人去做）
　　eat one's word（自食其言）
　　stand down（退位）
　　see one's last day（去日无多）
　　本段翻译
　　西班牙国王某人曾坚持认为“国王不会退位，国王只在睡梦中死去”。但令人尴尬的丑闻以及进来欧洲中左翼共和党的人气迫使他自食其言，退出王位。因此，此次西班牙危机是否暗杀了君主制已经走向穷途末路？是否意味着所有欧洲王室，连同其华丽的皇室制服和庄严的生活方式，都以厄运临头。
　　第二段
　　The Spanish case providesargumentsboth for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularlypolarised,as it wasfollowing the end of the Francoregime, monarchs canrise above“mere”politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.
　　21. According to thefirst two Paragraphs,King Juan Carlosof Spain________.
　　[A] used to enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] eased his relationship with his rivals[D] ended his reign in embarrassment
　　单词&搭配
　　argument（出现13次）n.论点，论据，争吵
　　polarise（合成词）v.使极化
　　regime（出现2次）n.政治体制，政体
　　embody（出现2次）v.表现，使具体化；[僻义] 包含
　　reign（初选2次） n.统治时期；v.统治
　　as it was（正如）
　　rise above（超越）
　　本段翻译
　　西班牙情形为支持和反对君主制都提供了依据。当公众两极分化严重时，正如佛朗哥统治刚结束那样，君主能够超越纯粹政治并象征国家统一精神。
　　第三段
　　It is this apparenttranscendenceof politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infestedregion in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike theirabsolutistcounterpartsin the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for anon-controversialbut respected public figure.
　　22. Monarchs are keptas headofstate in Europe mostly________.
　　[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voters more public figures to look up to[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment
　　单词&词组
　　transcendence（出现1次）n.超越
　　infest v.大批量出现
　　absolutist n.者；absolute（**的），-ist（词缀一般解释为从事。。人/。。。者）
　　counterpart（出现7次）n.职位相当的人，相对应的事物
　　non-controversial（合成词）adj.无争议的
　　本段翻译
　　正是这种明显超政治超越性解释了君主作为国家元首收到持续欢迎的原因。也正是因此，除了中东之外，欧洲是世界上君主泛滥的地区，有10个王国之多（不算梵蒂冈和安道尔）。但不同于海湾地区及亚洲地区的君主，大多数欧洲王室能够存留下来是因为他们能让选民避免费力地寻找一个无可争议而又备受尊敬的公众人物。
　　第四段
　　Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have adownside.Symbolicof national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today——embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesand inequalities.At a time whenThomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power ofinheritedwealth, it isbizarrethat wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.
　　23. Which of the following is shown to beodd, according toParagraph 4?
　　[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth.[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.[D] The nobility’s adherence to their privileges.
　　单词&词组
　　downside[?da?nsa?d] n.缺点，不利的伊棉
　　symbolic[s?m?bɑ?l?k] adj.象征的
　　outdated[?a?t?de?t?d] adj.过时的
　　indefensible[??nd??fens?bl] adj.无法捍卫的；（defense词根，前缀in-表相反的；后缀-ble表adj.词性）
　　privilege[?pr?v?l?d?] （出现4次）n.特权
　　inherit[?n?her?t] （出现2次）v.继承
　　bizarre[b??zɑ?r] （出现2次）adj.奇怪的
　　aristocratic[??r?st??kr?t?k] adj.贵族的
　　democratic[?dem??kr?t?k] （出现11次）adj.的，平等的
　　nobility [no??b?l?ti] n.贵族
　　even so（即如此）
　　at a time when（在...之时）
　　本段翻译
　　即便如此，国王女王们无疑有不利伊棉。虽然它们声称自己象征着国家统一，但其历史本身——有时是其现今流行方式——代表了过时且无法捍卫的特权和不平等。奇怪的是在某人及其他一些经济学家分分就“日益加剧的不平等”和“日益增强的世袭财权”发出警告之时，富有的贵族世家竟然还是现代国家的核心象征，
　　第五段
　　The most successful monarchiesstriveto abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses haveday-jobsand ride bicycles, not horses (orhelicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families whoparty withthe international 1%, and mediaintrusivenessmakesit increasingly difficult tomaintainthe right image.
　　单词&词组
　　strive（出现4次）v.努力，奋斗，争斗
　　helicopter n.直升机
　　intrusiveness 侵扰
　　maintain v.维持
　　day-jobs（合成词）白天的正职工作
　　party with（与...聚会）
　　本段翻译
　　现在，教授们通常将对历史的革新性解读以及革新性公共政策视为合适的研究课题，而将传统或古典人文思想——如自由市场和自力更生——描述为超出常规界限，有时甚至被描绘为超出正当的学术研究范畴。
　　第六段
　　 While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals whohave most to fearfrom the Spanish example.
　　单词&词组
　　have most to fear（感受到大的恐慌）
　　本段翻译
　　欧洲王室成员无疑足够聪明，能够继续在未来一段时间内存留，但正是英国王室成员应从西班牙例子中感受到大恐慌

　　第六段
　　 It is only the Queen who haspreservedthe monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (ifwell-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a prettyhierarchicalview of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service——as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, notrepublicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.
　　24.The British royals“have most to fear” becauseCharles________.
　　[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role
　　25. Which of the following is thebest title of the text?
　　[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D] Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats
　　答案：DABDC
　　单词&词组
　　preserve（出现11次）v.维护，保持，保养；[僻义] n.某人专有的爱好
　　well-heeled adj.富有的，考究的
　　hierarchical adj.等级制度的
　　republican（出现5次）n.共和者
　　ally] n.同盟国
　　本段翻译
　　即便如此，国王女王们无疑有不利伊棉。虽然它们声称自己象征着国家统一，但其历史本身——有时是其现今流行方式——代表了过时且无法捍卫的特权和不平等。奇怪的是在某人及其他一些经济学家分分就“日益加剧的不平等”和“日益增强的世袭财权”发出警告之时，富有的贵族世家竟然还是现代国家的核心象征。