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考研英语之创新思维 考研备考

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2019年06月15日 15:00:33

考研英语:创新思维 。2019考研大势已去,2020考研已经近在眼前了。不知道各位考研党们现在是否已经制定好了适合自己的复习备考计划。下面小编对2020考研的英语:创新思维做了整理,希望能帮到即将考研的各位考研党们,下面一起来看看吧~

  考研英语:创新思维 。2019考研大势已去,2020考研已经近在眼前了。不知道各位考研党们现在是否已经制定好了适合自己的复习备考计划。下面小编对2020考研的英语:创新思维做了整理,希望能帮到即将考研的各位考研党们,下面一起来看看吧~
  Let's begin
  Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly,settingour brains on auto-pilotand relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflectingherd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negativeimplication.
  automatic pilot : to do sth without thinking because you have done the same thing many times before.
  herd:a largegourp of people of the same type.
  习惯是个有趣的事情,能在不经意间就能养成,我们把大脑调到自动导航模式,在放松的状态中进入常规无意识的舒适状态。在19世纪,WW说过“支配着那些不思考的货的,不是选择,而是习惯”。而在不断变化的21世纪,甚至“习惯”一词也带着贬义的味道。
  So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context (as creativity and innovation.) But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains ofthought onto new, innovative tracks.
  paradoxical :having two opposite features and therefore seeming strange.
  paradise :天堂
  parade : towalk somewhere in a formal group of people, in order to celebrate or protest about sth.
  paranoid :偏执狂
  parasite : 寄生虫
  paralyze : to make sb unable to feel or move all or part oftheir body.
  parachute :降落伞
  因此,把习惯和创造力、创新力放在同一背景下讨论,似乎有些矛盾。但是,脑研究学者发现,当我们有意识培养新习惯的时候,我们就创造出了平行路径,甚至创造出全新的脑细胞,这可以让我们思维的轨道跳到新的创新路径上来。
  Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can (instead) direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try—the more we step outside our comfort zone—the more inherently creative (we become), both in the workplace and in our personal lives.
  dismissA asB: 把...视为
  perceive as/see as/view as/ regard as/ consider as
  inherently :according toor because of the basic nature of sb/sth.
  不要把我们自己看成一成不变,按着习惯做事的动物。我们可以通过有意识的培养新习惯来调整自己,作出改变。我们尝试的新事物越多,越能也走出自己的舒适区,那样也就能在工作中和个人生活有着更大的内在创造力。
  But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once thoserutsof procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits (we deliberately press into ourselves) create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.
  bother to do : 费心做
  rut :a boring way of life that does not change.
  worn :to become, or make sth become thinner, smoother or waker through continuoususe or rubbing.
  但不要试图去改掉旧习惯,一旦这些惯深入大脑,它们就会根植在那。相反,我们有意识培养的新习惯就会创造出新的平行路径,它们也就可以绕过那些旧的路径。
  “The first thing (needed for innovation) is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author ofThe Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider.’ ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
  wonder:to think about sth and try to decide what it true, what will happen,what you should do, etc.
  wander : to walk slowly around or to a place,often without any particular sense of purpose or direction.
  all but : 几乎
  《开放思维》的作者DW说,"创新的关键就是拥有好奇心,但教给我们的却是去做“决策”,就像我们的总统称他自己为“决策者”一样"。然而,她继续说到,“做决策就是扼杀了所有可能性,只留下一个。而一个优秀的创新思辨者总是会探索其他更多的可能性。”
  All of us work through problems (in ways of which we’re unaware,) she says. Researchers in the late 1960sdiscovered that humans are born with the capacity (to approach challenges in four primary ways): analytically, procedurally, relationally [or collaboratively] and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought (that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.)
  她还说,我们都在无意识中解决着问题,在20世纪60年代后期,研究员发现人们天生就有四种主要方式来解决面对的问题---分析型、流程型、关系型,或者叫做合作型、还有创新型。然而,在青春期的之后阶段,大脑会关闭一半的能力,只保留那些在生命前十多年觉得比较有价值的思考模式。
  The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 bookThis Year I Will...and Ms. Markova’s business partner. “That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing (what you’re good at and doing even more of it) creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.

  perpetuate : to makesth such as a bad situation, a belief, etc. continue for a long time.
  foster : to encourage sth to develop.
  frost :tocover sth or to become covered with a thinwhite layer of ice.
  commoness : the quality of lacking tasteand refinement.

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