2018年GRE长阅读机经分享

　　2018 年 10 月 26 日场次gre长篇阅读机经发布，以下是对 10 月 26 日 GRE 阅读中耗时多难度高的长阅读题型的文章和题目预测，看完就能提升阅读读文章的速度节省时间提升解题效率，高分不容错过！
　　长篇阅读
　　In the early twentieth century, the idea that pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound replaced the notion that pianists should be virtuosos whose performances thrilled audiences with emotional daring and showy displays of technique. One important figure to emerge in the period, though a harpsichordist rather than a pianist, was Wanda Landowska ( 1879 – 1959 ) . She demonstrated how the keyboard works of Baroque composers such as Bach, Handel, Scarlatti, and Couperin probably sounded in their own times. It would be a mistake to consider Landowska a classicist, however. She had been born in an age of Romantic playing dominated by Liszt, Leschetizky, and their pupils. Thus she grew up with and was influenced by certain Romantic traditions of performance, whatever the stringency of her musical scholarship; Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals, they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention.
　　Her playing was Romantic, but it was at least as close in spirit to the style of playing intended by composers of the Baroque ( 1600 – 1750 ) and Classical ( 1750 – 1830 ) eras, as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists since Landowska. She had a miraculous quality of touch, a seemingly autonomous left hand; no artist in her generation could clarify with such deftness the polyphonic writing of the Baroque masters. And none could make their music so spring to life.
　　Her achievements were the result of a lifetime of scholarship, truly remarkable physical gifts, and resilient rhythm, all combined with excellent judgment about when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct. Of course, developing such judgment demanded considerable experience and imagination. She was a genius at underlining the dramatic and emotional content of a piece, and to do so, she took liberties, all kinds of liberties, while nevertheless preserving the integrity of a composer ’ s score. In short, her entire musical approach was Romantic: intensely personal, full of light and shade, never pedantic.
　　Thanks to Landowska, Bach ’ s music ( originally composed for the harpsichord ) now sounded inappropriately thick when played on the piano. One by one, pianists stopped playing Bach ’ s music as adapted for the piano by Liszt or by Tausig. Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano, even Scarlatti ’ s. The piano repertoire, it began to be felt, was extensive enough without reverting to transcriptions of Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord — and piano performances of Bach and Scarlatti were, despite the obvious similarities between the harpsichord and the piano, transcriptions, no matter how faithfully the original notes were played. In accordance with this kind of purism came an emphasis on studying composers ’ manuscript notations, a relatively new field of musicology that is flourishing even today.
　　1. The passage suggests that Landowska ’ s playing embodied a rejection of which of the following?
　　A. Emotionally resonant interpretations of musical works.
　　B. An audience ’ s complete silence during a performance.
　　C. Performances of previously obscure Baroque works.
　　D. The idea that a performer can correctly judge when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct.
　　E. Performances emphasizing showy displays of technique that compromise the integrity of a composer ’ s original score.
　　正确答案
　　E
　　题目解析
　　主旨直选法，细读第一句得出文章主旨：在这个时期，一种新 idea 代替了旧的 notion。新的 idea 是文章主旨：pianists should be musician-scholars whose playing reflected the way composers wanted their music to sound ( 钢琴家应该是这么一种音乐家：其演奏反映的是作曲家希望他们的作品能够被听到的样子 ) 。 深入理解：钢琴家应该作为一种重现作曲家意图的媒介。 然后说： One important figure to emerge in the period is L ( 本文主人公 ) 根据全文理解，L 是这种新的 idea 的践行者。 那么题目：L 的演奏反对什么 ? 由上述 L 支持的东西来推论：L 支持演奏应该原原本本的表达作曲家的意图 ( the way composers wanted their music to sound ) ，那么 L 会反对： E：一种表演：重视技巧，而 compromise ( 此处作危害，GRE 常考 ) the integrity of the composer's original score. ( original 是关键 )
　　2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the compositions of Scarlatti?
　　A. They were adapted by Liszt and Tausig.
　　B. They have not been transcribed faithfully.
　　C. They were not composed during the Baroque period.
　　D. They were composed for instruments other than piano.
　　E. They fell out of favor with most musicians in the early twentieth century.
　　D
　　信息 1： Then they gradually stopped performing any kind of Baroque music on the piano, even Scarlatti ’ s. 说明 S 的作品从属于 Baroque music
　　信息 2： Baroque music originally written for the harpsichord
　　说明 Baroque music 开始不是写给 piano 的，因为是写给 H 的
　　推断： S 属于 B;B 不是写给 piano; 那么 S 也不是写给 piano，所以 D 选项正确
　　3. The author ’ s assertion that Landowska should not be considered a classicist serves primarily to emphasize which of the following?
　　A. Landowska specialized in playing the works of composers of the Baroque era.
　　B. Landowska ’ s repertoire included orchestral music only.
　　C. Landowska ’ s musical performances were not devoid of emotion.
　　D. Landowska ’ s repertoire emphasized works of long-lasting interest and value.
　　E. Landowska advocated the study of Classical style or form.
　　C
　　"Landowska knew how to hold audiences breathless, and when she gave recitals, they responded with deathlike silence and rapt attention. " 就说明她的演奏是富有感情色彩的。然而 "by composers of the Baroque ( 1600 – 1750 ) and Classical ( 1750 – 1830 ) eras, as have been the more exacting but less emotionally resonant interpretations of most harpsichordists " 说明 classical 表演没有感情。选项 c 的意思是 L 的表演不全没有感情，也就是带有感情，这个和 classical 的特点相悖，所以说明 L 不是 classical 的